return {

  -- snippets
  {
    "L3MON4D3/LuaSnip",
    dependencies = {
      "rafamadriz/friendly-snippets",
      config = function()
        require("luasnip.loaders.from_vscode").lazy_load()
      end,
    },
    opts = {
      history = true,
      delete_check_events = "TextChanged",
    },
    -- stylua: ignore
    keys = {
      {
        "<tab>",
        function()
          return require("luasnip").jumpable(1) and "<Plug>luasnip-jump-next" or "<tab>"
        end,
        expr = true, silent = true, mode = "i",
      },
      { "<tab>", function() require("luasnip").jump(1) end, mode = "s" },
      { "<s-tab>", function() require("luasnip").jump(-1) end, mode = { "i", "s" } },
    },
  },

  -- auto completion
  {
    "hrsh7th/nvim-cmp",
    version = false, -- last release is way too old
    event = "InsertEnter",
    dependencies = {
      "hrsh7th/cmp-nvim-lsp",
      "hrsh7th/cmp-buffer",
      "hrsh7th/cmp-path",
      "saadparwaiz1/cmp_luasnip",
    },
    opts = function()
      local cmp = require("cmp")
      return {
        completion = {
          completeopt = "menu,menuone,noinsert",
        },
        snippet = {
          expand = function(args)
            require("luasnip").lsp_expand(args.body)
          end,
        },
        mapping = cmp.mapping.preset.insert({
          ["<C-b>"] = cmp.mapping.scroll_docs(-4),
          ["<C-f>"] = cmp.mapping.scroll_docs(4),
          ["<C-Space>"] = cmp.mapping.complete(),
          ["<C-e>"] = cmp.mapping.abort(),
          ["<CR>"] = cmp.mapping.confirm({ select = true }), -- Accept currently selected item. Set `select` to `false` to only confirm explicitly selected items.
        }),
        sources = cmp.config.sources({
          { name = "nvim_lsp" },
          { name = "luasnip" },
          { name = "buffer" },
          { name = "path" },
        }),
        formatting = {
          format = function(_, item)
            local icons = require("lazyvim.config").icons.kinds
            if icons[item.kind] then
              item.kind = icons[item.kind] .. item.kind
            end
            return item
          end,
        },
        experimental = {
          ghost_text = {
            hl_group = "LspCodeLens",
          },
        },
      }
    end,
  },

  -- auto pairs
  {
    "echasnovski/mini.pairs",
    event = "VeryLazy",
    config = function(_, opts)
      require("mini.pairs").setup(opts)
    end,
  },

  -- surround
  {
    "echasnovski/mini.surround",
    keys = function(_, keys)
      -- Populate the keys based on the user's options
      local plugin = require("lazy.core.config").spec.plugins["mini.surround"]
      local opts = require("lazy.core.plugin").values(plugin, "opts", false)
      local mappings = {
        { opts.mappings.add, desc = "Add surrounding", mode = { "n", "v" } },
        { opts.mappings.delete, desc = "Delete surrounding" },
        { opts.mappings.find, desc = "Find right surrounding" },
        { opts.mappings.find_left, desc = "Find left surrounding" },
        { opts.mappings.highlight, desc = "Highlight surrounding" },
        { opts.mappings.replace, desc = "Replace surrounding" },
        { opts.mappings.update_n_lines, desc = "Update `MiniSurround.config.n_lines`" },
      }
      return vim.list_extend(mappings, keys)
    end,
    opts = {
      mappings = {
        add = "gza", -- Add surrounding in Normal and Visual modes
        delete = "gzd", -- Delete surrounding
        find = "gzf", -- Find surrounding (to the right)
        find_left = "gzF", -- Find surrounding (to the left)
        highlight = "gzh", -- Highlight surrounding
        replace = "gzr", -- Replace surrounding
        update_n_lines = "gzn", -- Update `n_lines`
      },
    },
    config = function(_, opts)
      -- use gz mappings instead of s to prevent conflict with leap
      require("mini.surround").setup(opts)
    end,
  },

  -- comments
  { "JoosepAlviste/nvim-ts-context-commentstring", lazy = true },
  {
    "echasnovski/mini.comment",
    event = "VeryLazy",
    opts = {
      hooks = {
        pre = function()
          require("ts_context_commentstring.internal").update_commentstring({})
        end,
      },
    },
    config = function(_, opts)
      require("mini.comment").setup(opts)
    end,
  },

  -- better text-objects
  {
    "echasnovski/mini.ai",
    -- keys = {
    --   { "a", mode = { "x", "o" } },
    --   { "i", mode = { "x", "o" } },
    -- },
    event = "VeryLazy",
    dependencies = {
      {
        "nvim-treesitter/nvim-treesitter-textobjects",
        init = function()
          -- no need to load the plugin, since we only need its queries
          require("lazy.core.loader").disable_rtp_plugin("nvim-treesitter-textobjects")
        end,
      },
    },
    opts = function()
      local ai = require("mini.ai")
      return {
        n_lines = 500,
        custom_textobjects = {
          o = ai.gen_spec.treesitter({
            a = { "@block.outer", "@conditional.outer", "@loop.outer" },
            i = { "@block.inner", "@conditional.inner", "@loop.inner" },
          }, {}),
          f = ai.gen_spec.treesitter({ a = "@function.outer", i = "@function.inner" }, {}),
          c = ai.gen_spec.treesitter({ a = "@class.outer", i = "@class.inner" }, {}),
        },
      }
    end,
    config = function(_, opts)
      -- register all text objects with which-key
      if require("lazyvim.util").has("which-key.nvim") then
        local text_objects = {
          t = "tag",
          b = "balanced ), ], }",
          f = "function",
          c = "class",
          o = "block, conditional, loop",
          a = "argument",
          q = "quote `, \", '",
          ["?"] = "user Prompt",
          ["_"] = "underscore",
          [" "] = "whitespace",
        }
        for _, o in ipairs({ "(", ")", "[", "]", "{", "}", ">", "<", "'", "`", '"' }) do
          local desc = "balanced " .. o
          if vim.tbl_contains({ ")", "]", "}", ">" }, o) then
            desc = desc .. " with inner space"
          end
          text_objects[o == "<" and "<lt>" or o] = desc
        end
        local text_objects_copy = vim.deepcopy(text_objects)
        for key, name in pairs({ n = "Next", l = "Last" }) do
          ---@diagnostic disable-next-line: assign-type-mismatch
          text_objects[key] = vim.tbl_extend("force", { name = name }, text_objects_copy)
        end
        require("which-key").register({
          mode = { "o", "x" },
          i = text_objects,
          a = text_objects,
        })
      end

      require("mini.ai").setup(opts)
    end,
  },
}