diff --git a/lib/fileset/default.nix b/lib/fileset/default.nix
index 18acb9a980ca..c007b60def0a 100644
--- a/lib/fileset/default.nix
+++ b/lib/fileset/default.nix
@@ -763,6 +763,12 @@ in {
     Create a file set containing all [Git-tracked files](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Recording-Changes-to-the-Repository) in a repository.
     The first argument allows configuration with an attribute set,
     while the second argument is the path to the Git working tree.
+
+    `gitTrackedWith` does not perform any filtering when the path is a [Nix store path](https://nixos.org/manual/nix/stable/store/store-path.html#store-path) and not a repository.
+    In this way, it accommodates the use case where the expression that makes the `gitTracked` call does not reside in an actual git repository anymore,
+    and has presumably already been fetched in a way that excludes untracked files.
+    Fetchers with such equivalent behavior include `builtins.fetchGit`, `builtins.fetchTree` (experimental), and `pkgs.fetchgit` when used without `leaveDotGit`.
+
     If you don't need the configuration,
     you can use [`gitTracked`](#function-library-lib.fileset.gitTracked) instead.
 
diff --git a/lib/fileset/internal.nix b/lib/fileset/internal.nix
index c8a659cd09fd..4059d2e24426 100644
--- a/lib/fileset/internal.nix
+++ b/lib/fileset/internal.nix
@@ -41,6 +41,8 @@ let
   inherit (lib.path)
     append
     splitRoot
+    hasStorePathPrefix
+    splitStorePath
     ;
 
   inherit (lib.path.subpath)
@@ -861,6 +863,28 @@ rec {
   # Type: String -> String -> Path -> Attrs -> FileSet
   _fromFetchGit = function: argument: path: extraFetchGitAttrs:
     let
+      # The code path for when isStorePath is true
+      tryStorePath =
+        if pathExists (path + "/.git") then
+          # If there is a `.git` directory in the path,
+          # it means that the path was imported unfiltered into the Nix store.
+          # This function should throw in such a case, because
+          # - `fetchGit` doesn't generally work with `.git` directories in store paths
+          # - Importing the entire path could include Git-tracked files
+          throw ''
+            lib.fileset.${function}: The ${argument} (${toString path}) is a store path within a working tree of a Git repository.
+                This indicates that a source directory was imported into the store using a method such as `import "''${./.}"` or `path:.`.
+                This function currently does not support such a use case, since it currently relies on `builtins.fetchGit`.
+                You could make this work by using a fetcher such as `fetchGit` instead of copying the whole repository.
+                If you can't avoid copying the repo to the store, see https://github.com/NixOS/nix/issues/9292.''
+        else
+          # Otherwise we're going to assume that the path was a Git directory originally,
+          # but it was fetched using a method that already removed files not tracked by Git,
+          # such as `builtins.fetchGit`, `pkgs.fetchgit` or others.
+          # So we can just import the path in its entirety.
+          _singleton path;
+
+      # The code path for when isStorePath is false
       tryFetchGit =
         let
           # This imports the files unnecessarily, which currently can't be avoided
@@ -872,13 +896,11 @@ rec {
             url = path;
           } // extraFetchGitAttrs);
         in
-        if inPureEvalMode then
-          throw "lib.fileset.${function}: This function is currently not supported in pure evaluation mode, since it currently relies on `builtins.fetchGit`. See https://github.com/NixOS/nix/issues/9292."
         # We can identify local working directories by checking for .git,
         # see https://git-scm.com/docs/gitrepository-layout#_description.
         # Note that `builtins.fetchGit` _does_ work for bare repositories (where there's no `.git`),
         # even though `git ls-files` wouldn't return any files in that case.
-        else if ! pathExists (path + "/.git") then
+        if ! pathExists (path + "/.git") then
           throw "lib.fileset.${function}: Expected the ${argument} (${toString path}) to point to a local working tree of a Git repository, but it's not."
         else
           _mirrorStorePath path fetchResult.outPath;
@@ -888,6 +910,8 @@ rec {
       throw "lib.fileset.${function}: Expected the ${argument} to be a path, but it's a ${typeOf path} instead."
     else if pathType path != "directory" then
       throw "lib.fileset.${function}: Expected the ${argument} (${toString path}) to be a directory, but it's a file instead."
+    else if hasStorePathPrefix path then
+      tryStorePath
     else
       tryFetchGit;
 
diff --git a/lib/fileset/tests.sh b/lib/fileset/tests.sh
index d55c4fbfdbeb..a5dced038a21 100755
--- a/lib/fileset/tests.sh
+++ b/lib/fileset/tests.sh
@@ -1401,10 +1401,60 @@ createGitRepo() {
     git -C "$1" commit -q --allow-empty -m "Empty commit"
 }
 
-# Check the error message for pure eval mode
+# Check that gitTracked[With] works as expected when evaluated out-of-tree
+
+## First we create a git repositories (and a subrepository) with `default.nix` files referring to their local paths
+## Simulating how it would be used in the wild
 createGitRepo .
-expectFailure --simulate-pure-eval 'toSource { root = ./.; fileset = gitTracked ./.; }' 'lib.fileset.gitTracked: This function is currently not supported in pure evaluation mode, since it currently relies on `builtins.fetchGit`. See https://github.com/NixOS/nix/issues/9292.'
-expectFailure --simulate-pure-eval 'toSource { root = ./.; fileset = gitTrackedWith {} ./.; }' 'lib.fileset.gitTrackedWith: This function is currently not supported in pure evaluation mode, since it currently relies on `builtins.fetchGit`. See https://github.com/NixOS/nix/issues/9292.'
+echo '{ fs }: fs.toSource { root = ./.; fileset = fs.gitTracked ./.; }' > default.nix
+git add .
+
+## We can evaluate it locally just fine, `fetchGit` is used underneath to filter git-tracked files
+expectEqual '(import ./. { fs = lib.fileset; }).outPath' '(builtins.fetchGit ./.).outPath'
+
+## We can also evaluate when importing from fetched store paths
+storePath=$(expectStorePath 'builtins.fetchGit ./.')
+expectEqual '(import '"$storePath"' { fs = lib.fileset; }).outPath' \""$storePath"\"
+
+## But it fails if the path is imported with a fetcher that doesn't remove .git (like just using "${./.}")
+expectFailure 'import "${./.}" { fs = lib.fileset; }' 'lib.fileset.gitTracked: The argument \(.*\) is a store path within a working tree of a Git repository.
+\s*This indicates that a source directory was imported into the store using a method such as `import "\$\{./.\}"` or `path:.`.
+\s*This function currently does not support such a use case, since it currently relies on `builtins.fetchGit`.
+\s*You could make this work by using a fetcher such as `fetchGit` instead of copying the whole repository.
+\s*If you can'\''t avoid copying the repo to the store, see https://github.com/NixOS/nix/issues/9292.'
+
+## Even with submodules
+if [[ -n "$fetchGitSupportsSubmodules" ]]; then
+    ## Both the main repo with the submodule
+    echo '{ fs }: fs.toSource { root = ./.; fileset = fs.gitTrackedWith { recurseSubmodules = true; } ./.; }' > default.nix
+    createGitRepo sub
+    git submodule add ./sub sub >/dev/null
+    ## But also the submodule itself
+    echo '{ fs }: fs.toSource { root = ./.; fileset = fs.gitTracked ./.; }' > sub/default.nix
+    git -C sub add .
+
+    ## We can evaluate it locally just fine, `fetchGit` is used underneath to filter git-tracked files
+    expectEqual '(import ./. { fs = lib.fileset; }).outPath' '(builtins.fetchGit { url = ./.; submodules = true; }).outPath'
+    expectEqual '(import ./sub { fs = lib.fileset; }).outPath' '(builtins.fetchGit ./sub).outPath'
+
+    ## We can also evaluate when importing from fetched store paths
+    storePathWithSub=$(expectStorePath 'builtins.fetchGit { url = ./.; submodules = true; }')
+    expectEqual '(import '"$storePathWithSub"' { fs = lib.fileset; }).outPath' \""$storePathWithSub"\"
+    storePathSub=$(expectStorePath 'builtins.fetchGit ./sub')
+    expectEqual '(import '"$storePathSub"' { fs = lib.fileset; }).outPath' \""$storePathSub"\"
+
+    ## But it fails if the path is imported with a fetcher that doesn't remove .git (like just using "${./.}")
+    expectFailure 'import "${./.}" { fs = lib.fileset; }' 'lib.fileset.gitTrackedWith: The second argument \(.*\) is a store path within a working tree of a Git repository.
+    \s*This indicates that a source directory was imported into the store using a method such as `import "\$\{./.\}"` or `path:.`.
+    \s*This function currently does not support such a use case, since it currently relies on `builtins.fetchGit`.
+    \s*You could make this work by using a fetcher such as `fetchGit` instead of copying the whole repository.
+    \s*If you can'\''t avoid copying the repo to the store, see https://github.com/NixOS/nix/issues/9292.'
+    expectFailure 'import "${./.}/sub" { fs = lib.fileset; }' 'lib.fileset.gitTracked: The argument \(.*/sub\) is a store path within a working tree of a Git repository.
+    \s*This indicates that a source directory was imported into the store using a method such as `import "\$\{./.\}"` or `path:.`.
+    \s*This function currently does not support such a use case, since it currently relies on `builtins.fetchGit`.
+    \s*You could make this work by using a fetcher such as `fetchGit` instead of copying the whole repository.
+    \s*If you can'\''t avoid copying the repo to the store, see https://github.com/NixOS/nix/issues/9292.'
+fi
 rm -rf -- *
 
 # Go through all stages of Git files