diff --git a/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/PmdAnalysis.java b/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/PmdAnalysis.java
index 1a32815a76..2234b0a660 100644
--- a/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/PmdAnalysis.java
+++ b/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/PmdAnalysis.java
@@ -13,7 +13,9 @@ import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.Set;
-import java.util.logging.Logger;
+
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+import org.slf4j.event.Level;
 
 import net.sourceforge.pmd.Report.GlobalReportBuilderListener;
 import net.sourceforge.pmd.benchmark.TimeTracker;
@@ -33,7 +35,6 @@ import net.sourceforge.pmd.util.ClasspathClassLoader;
 import net.sourceforge.pmd.util.IOUtil;
 import net.sourceforge.pmd.util.datasource.DataSource;
 import net.sourceforge.pmd.util.log.PmdLogger;
-import net.sourceforge.pmd.util.log.PmdLogger.Level;
 import net.sourceforge.pmd.util.log.SimplePmdLogger;
 
 /**
@@ -72,7 +73,7 @@ public final class PmdAnalysis implements AutoCloseable {
     private final List<GlobalAnalysisListener> listeners = new ArrayList<>();
     private final List<RuleSet> ruleSets = new ArrayList<>();
     private final PMDConfiguration configuration;
-    private final SimplePmdLogger logger = new SimplePmdLogger(Logger.getLogger("net.sourceforge.pmd"));
+    private final SimplePmdLogger logger = new SimplePmdLogger(LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass()));
 
     /**
      * Constructs a new instance. The files paths (input files, filelist,
@@ -199,6 +200,7 @@ public final class PmdAnalysis implements AutoCloseable {
 
             GlobalAnalysisListener listener;
             try {
+                @SuppressWarnings("PMD.CloseResource")
                 AnalysisCacheListener cacheListener = new AnalysisCacheListener(
                     configuration.getAnalysisCache(),
                     rulesets,
@@ -216,22 +218,14 @@ public final class PmdAnalysis implements AutoCloseable {
             }
 
             try (TimedOperation ignored = TimeTracker.startOperation(TimedOperationCategory.FILE_PROCESSING)) {
-                // todo Just like we throw for invalid properties, "broken rules"
-                // shouldn't be a "config error". This is the only instance of
-                // config errors...
-
-                if (isEmpty(this.ruleSets)) {
-                    if (!configuration.getRuleSetPaths().isEmpty()) {
-                        logger.error("No rules found. Maybe you misspelled a rule name? ({0})",
-                                     String.join(",", configuration.getRuleSetPaths()));
-
-                    } else {
-                        logger.error("No rules found.");
-                    }
+                if (checkNoRulesRegistered()) {
                     return;
                 }
 
                 for (final Rule rule : removeBrokenRules(rulesets)) {
+                    // todo Just like we throw for invalid properties, "broken rules"
+                    // shouldn't be a "config error". This is the only instance of
+                    // config errors...
                     listener.onConfigError(new Report.ConfigurationError(rule, rule.dysfunctionReason()));
                 }
 
@@ -250,6 +244,20 @@ public final class PmdAnalysis implements AutoCloseable {
         }
     }
 
+    private boolean checkNoRulesRegistered() {
+        if (isEmpty(this.ruleSets)) {
+            if (!configuration.getRuleSetPaths().isEmpty()) {
+                logger.error("No rules found. Maybe you misspelled a rule name? ({})",
+                             String.join(",", configuration.getRuleSetPaths()));
+
+            } else {
+                logger.error("No rules found.");
+            }
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
 
     private static GlobalAnalysisListener createComposedRendererListener(List<Renderer> renderers) throws Exception {
         if (renderers.isEmpty()) {
diff --git a/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/cache/FileAnalysisCache.java b/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/cache/FileAnalysisCache.java
index 12c2d2fd99..d2739cfc92 100644
--- a/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/cache/FileAnalysisCache.java
+++ b/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/cache/FileAnalysisCache.java
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ public class FileAnalysisCache extends AbstractAnalysisCache {
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void persist() throws IOException {
+    public void persist() {
         try (TimedOperation ignored = TimeTracker.startOperation(TimedOperationCategory.ANALYSIS_CACHE, "persist")) {
             if (cacheFile.isDirectory()) {
                 LOG.error("Cannot persist the cache, the given path points to a directory.");
@@ -145,6 +145,8 @@ public class FileAnalysisCache extends AbstractAnalysisCache {
                 } else {
                     LOG.info("Analysis cache updated");
                 }
+            } catch (final IOException e) {
+                LOG.error("Could not persist analysis cache to file: {}", e.getMessage());
             }
         }
     }
diff --git a/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/cache/NoopAnalysisCache.java b/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/cache/NoopAnalysisCache.java
index 65357dbb9a..3a3dee4470 100644
--- a/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/cache/NoopAnalysisCache.java
+++ b/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/cache/NoopAnalysisCache.java
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 package net.sourceforge.pmd.cache;
 
 import java.io.File;
-import java.io.IOException;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.List;
 
diff --git a/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/internal/util/FileCollectionUtil.java b/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/internal/util/FileCollectionUtil.java
index 3235be1819..195eeb0d54 100644
--- a/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/internal/util/FileCollectionUtil.java
+++ b/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/internal/util/FileCollectionUtil.java
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Set;
 
 import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
+import org.slf4j.event.Level;
 
 import net.sourceforge.pmd.PMDConfiguration;
 import net.sourceforge.pmd.lang.Language;
@@ -27,7 +28,6 @@ import net.sourceforge.pmd.util.database.DBURI;
 import net.sourceforge.pmd.util.database.SourceObject;
 import net.sourceforge.pmd.util.datasource.DataSource;
 import net.sourceforge.pmd.util.log.PmdLogger;
-import net.sourceforge.pmd.util.log.PmdLogger.Level;
 import net.sourceforge.pmd.util.log.PmdLoggerScope;
 
 /**
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ public final class FileCollectionUtil {
     public static void collectFileList(FileCollector collector, String fileListLocation) {
         Path path = Paths.get(fileListLocation);
         if (!Files.exists(path)) {
-            collector.getLog().error("No such file {0}", fileListLocation);
+            collector.getLog().error("No such file {}", fileListLocation);
             return;
         }
 
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ public final class FileCollectionUtil {
         try {
             filePaths = FileUtil.readFilelist(path.toFile());
         } catch (IOException e) {
-            collector.getLog().errorEx("Error reading {0}", new Object[] { fileListLocation }, e);
+            collector.getLog().errorEx("Error reading {}", new Object[] { fileListLocation }, e);
             return;
         }
         collectFiles(collector, filePaths);
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ public final class FileCollectionUtil {
     private static void addRoot(FileCollector collector, String rootLocation) throws IOException {
         Path path = Paths.get(rootLocation);
         if (!Files.exists(path)) {
-            collector.getLog().error("No such file {0}", path);
+            collector.getLog().error("No such file {}", path);
             return;
         }
 
@@ -140,27 +140,27 @@ public final class FileCollectionUtil {
         } else if (Files.isRegularFile(path)) {
             collector.addFile(path);
         } else {
-            collector.getLog().trace("Ignoring {0}: not a regular file or directory", path);
+            collector.getLog().trace("Ignoring {}: not a regular file or directory", path);
         }
     }
 
     public static void collectDB(FileCollector collector, String uriString) {
         try {
-            collector.getLog().trace("Connecting to {0}", uriString);
+            collector.getLog().trace("Connecting to {}", uriString);
             DBURI dbUri = new DBURI(uriString);
             DBMSMetadata dbmsMetadata = new DBMSMetadata(dbUri);
             collector.getLog().trace("DBMSMetadata retrieved");
             List<SourceObject> sourceObjectList = dbmsMetadata.getSourceObjectList();
-            collector.getLog().trace("Located {0} database source objects", sourceObjectList.size());
+            collector.getLog().trace("Located {} database source objects", sourceObjectList.size());
             for (SourceObject sourceObject : sourceObjectList) {
                 String falseFilePath = sourceObject.getPseudoFileName();
-                collector.getLog().trace("Adding database source object {0}", falseFilePath);
+                collector.getLog().trace("Adding database source object {}", falseFilePath);
 
                 try (Reader sourceCode = dbmsMetadata.getSourceCode(sourceObject)) {
                     String source = IOUtils.toString(sourceCode);
                     collector.addSourceFile(source, falseFilePath);
                 } catch (SQLException ex) {
-                    collector.getLog().warningEx("Cannot get SourceCode for {0}  - skipping ...",
+                    collector.getLog().warningEx("Cannot get SourceCode for {}  - skipping ...",
                                                  new Object[] { falseFilePath},
                                                  ex);
                 }
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ public final class FileCollectionUtil {
         } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
             collector.getLog().errorEx("Cannot get files from DB - probably missing database JDBC driver", e);
         } catch (Exception e) {
-            collector.getLog().errorEx("Cannot get files from DB - ''{0}''", new Object[] { uriString }, e);
+            collector.getLog().errorEx("Cannot get files from DB - ''{}''", new Object[] { uriString }, e);
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/lang/document/FileCollector.java b/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/lang/document/FileCollector.java
index ab92d265ed..f45b98e669 100644
--- a/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/lang/document/FileCollector.java
+++ b/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/lang/document/FileCollector.java
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ public final class FileCollector implements AutoCloseable {
      */
     public boolean addFile(Path file) {
         if (!Files.isRegularFile(file)) {
-            log.error("Not a regular file {0}", file);
+            log.error("Not a regular file {}", file);
             return false;
         }
         LanguageVersion languageVersion = discoverLanguage(file.toString());
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ public final class FileCollector implements AutoCloseable {
     public boolean addFile(Path file, Language language) {
         AssertionUtil.requireParamNotNull("language", language);
         if (!Files.isRegularFile(file)) {
-            log.error("Not a regular file {0}", file);
+            log.error("Not a regular file {}", file);
             return false;
         }
         NioTextFile nioTextFile = new NioTextFile(file, charset, discoverer.getDefaultLanguageVersion(language), getDisplayName(file));
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ public final class FileCollector implements AutoCloseable {
     }
 
     private void addFileImpl(TextFile textFile) {
-        log.trace("Adding file {0} (lang: {1}) ", textFile.getPathId(), textFile.getLanguageVersion().getTerseName());
+        log.trace("Adding file {} (lang: {}) ", textFile.getPathId(), textFile.getLanguageVersion().getTerseName());
         allFilesToProcess.add(textFile);
     }
 
@@ -206,12 +206,12 @@ public final class FileCollector implements AutoCloseable {
         List<Language> languages = discoverer.getLanguagesForFile(file);
 
         if (languages.isEmpty()) {
-            log.trace("File {0} matches no known language, ignoring", file);
+            log.trace("File {} matches no known language, ignoring", file);
             return null;
         }
         Language lang = languages.get(0);
         if (languages.size() > 1) {
-            log.trace("File {0} matches multiple languages ({1}), selecting {2}", file, languages, lang);
+            log.trace("File {} matches multiple languages ({}), selecting {}", file, languages, lang);
         }
         return discoverer.getDefaultLanguageVersion(lang);
     }
@@ -227,10 +227,10 @@ public final class FileCollector implements AutoCloseable {
         LanguageVersion contextVersion = discoverer.getDefaultLanguageVersion(language);
         if (!fileVersion.equals(contextVersion)) {
             log.error(
-                "Cannot add file {0}: version ''{2}'' does not match ''{1}''",
+                "Cannot add file {}: version ''{}'' does not match ''{}''",
                 textFile.getPathId(),
-                contextVersion,
-                fileVersion
+                fileVersion,
+                contextVersion
             );
             return false;
         }
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ public final class FileCollector implements AutoCloseable {
      */
     public boolean addDirectory(Path dir) throws IOException {
         if (!Files.isDirectory(dir)) {
-            log.error("Not a directory {0}", dir);
+            log.error("Not a directory {}", dir);
             return false;
         }
         Files.walkFileTree(dir, new SimpleFileVisitor<Path>() {
@@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ public final class FileCollector implements AutoCloseable {
         } else if (Files.isRegularFile(file)) {
             return addFile(file);
         } else {
-            log.error("Not a file or directory {0}", file);
+            log.error("Not a file or directory {}", file);
             return false;
         }
     }
@@ -361,7 +361,7 @@ public final class FileCollector implements AutoCloseable {
         for (Iterator<TextFile> iterator = allFilesToProcess.iterator(); iterator.hasNext();) {
             TextFile file = iterator.next();
             if (toExclude.contains(file)) {
-                log.trace("Excluding file {0}", file.getPathId());
+                log.trace("Excluding file {}", file.getPathId());
                 iterator.remove();
             }
         }
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ public final class FileCollector implements AutoCloseable {
             TextFile file = iterator.next();
             Language lang = file.getLanguageVersion().getLanguage();
             if (!languages.contains(lang)) {
-                log.trace("Filtering out {0}, no rules for language {1}", file.getPathId(), lang);
+                log.trace("Filtering out {}, no rules for language {}", file.getPathId(), lang);
                 iterator.remove();
             }
         }
diff --git a/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/reporting/NoopAnalysisListener.java b/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/reporting/NoopAnalysisListener.java
index 865a566142..fcd5da121c 100644
--- a/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/reporting/NoopAnalysisListener.java
+++ b/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/reporting/NoopAnalysisListener.java
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import net.sourceforge.pmd.util.datasource.DataSource;
 /**
  * @author Clément Fournier
  */
-class NoopAnalysisListener implements GlobalAnalysisListener {
+final class NoopAnalysisListener implements GlobalAnalysisListener {
 
     static final NoopAnalysisListener INSTANCE = new NoopAnalysisListener();
 
diff --git a/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/util/log/NoopPmdLogger.java b/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/util/log/NoopPmdLogger.java
index 19a0c3fbc9..4741856f1c 100644
--- a/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/util/log/NoopPmdLogger.java
+++ b/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/util/log/NoopPmdLogger.java
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 
 package net.sourceforge.pmd.util.log;
 
+import org.slf4j.event.Level;
+
 import net.sourceforge.pmd.annotation.InternalApi;
 
 /**
@@ -14,11 +16,7 @@ import net.sourceforge.pmd.annotation.InternalApi;
 @InternalApi
 public final class NoopPmdLogger extends PmdLoggerBase implements PmdLogger {
 
-    public static final NoopPmdLogger INSTANCE = new NoopPmdLogger();
-
-    private NoopPmdLogger() {
-
-    }
+    // note: not singleton because PmdLogger accumulates error count.
 
     @Override
     protected boolean isLoggableImpl(Level level) {
diff --git a/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/util/log/PmdLogger.java b/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/util/log/PmdLogger.java
index dc1c1977b9..8f37f9dbff 100644
--- a/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/util/log/PmdLogger.java
+++ b/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/util/log/PmdLogger.java
@@ -4,8 +4,9 @@
 
 package net.sourceforge.pmd.util.log;
 
+import org.slf4j.event.Level;
+
 import net.sourceforge.pmd.annotation.InternalApi;
-import net.sourceforge.pmd.internal.util.AssertionUtil;
 
 /**
  * Logger façade. Can probably be converted to just SLF4J logger in PMD 7.
@@ -21,50 +22,43 @@ public interface PmdLogger {
 
     void logEx(Level level, String message, Object[] formatArgs, Throwable error);
 
-    void info(String message, Object... formatArgs);
+    default void info(String message, Object... formatArgs) {
+        log(Level.INFO, message, formatArgs);
+    }
 
-    void trace(String message, Object... formatArgs);
+    // todo trace and debug should be on SLF4J logger directly
+    default void trace(String message, Object... formatArgs) {
+        log(Level.TRACE, message, formatArgs);
+    }
 
-    void debug(String message, Object... formatArgs);
+    default void debug(String message, Object... formatArgs) {
+        log(Level.DEBUG, message, formatArgs);
+    }
 
-    void warning(String message, Object... formatArgs);
+    default void warning(String message, Object... formatArgs) {
+        log(Level.WARN, message, formatArgs);
+    }
 
-    void warningEx(String message, Throwable error);
+    default void warningEx(String message, Throwable error) {
+        logEx(Level.WARN, message, new Object[0], error);
+    }
 
-    void warningEx(String message, Object[] formatArgs, Throwable error);
+    default void warningEx(String message, Object[] formatArgs, Throwable error) {
+        logEx(Level.WARN, message, formatArgs, error);
+    }
 
-    void error(String message, Object... formatArgs);
+    default void error(String message, Object... formatArgs) {
+        log(Level.ERROR, message, formatArgs);
+    }
 
-    void errorEx(String message, Throwable error);
+    default void errorEx(String message, Throwable error) {
+        logEx(Level.ERROR, message, new Object[0], error);
+    }
 
-    void errorEx(String message, Object[] formatArgs, Throwable error);
+    default void errorEx(String message, Object[] formatArgs, Throwable error) {
+        logEx(Level.ERROR, message, formatArgs, error);
+    }
 
     int numErrors();
 
-    // levels, in sync with SLF4J levels
-    enum Level {
-        TRACE,
-        DEBUG,
-        INFO,
-        WARN,
-        ERROR;
-
-        java.util.logging.Level toJutilLevel() {
-            switch (this) {
-            case DEBUG:
-                return java.util.logging.Level.FINE;
-            case ERROR:
-                return java.util.logging.Level.SEVERE;
-            case INFO:
-                return java.util.logging.Level.INFO;
-            case TRACE:
-                return java.util.logging.Level.FINER;
-            case WARN:
-                return java.util.logging.Level.WARNING;
-            default:
-                throw AssertionUtil.shouldNotReachHere("exhaustive");
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
 }
diff --git a/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/util/log/PmdLoggerBase.java b/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/util/log/PmdLoggerBase.java
index c1af32b07b..4370556543 100644
--- a/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/util/log/PmdLoggerBase.java
+++ b/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/util/log/PmdLoggerBase.java
@@ -5,12 +5,12 @@
 package net.sourceforge.pmd.util.log;
 
 import java.text.MessageFormat;
-import java.util.logging.Logger;
 
 import org.apache.commons.lang3.exception.ExceptionUtils;
+import org.slf4j.event.Level;
 
 /**
- * A logger based on a {@link Logger}.
+ * Base implementation.
  *
  * @author Clément Fournier
  */
@@ -63,50 +63,6 @@ abstract class PmdLoggerBase implements PmdLogger {
      */
     protected abstract void logImpl(Level level, String message, Object[] formatArgs);
 
-    @Override
-    public void trace(String message, Object... formatArgs) {
-        log(Level.TRACE, message, formatArgs);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public void debug(String message, Object... formatArgs) {
-        log(Level.DEBUG, message, formatArgs);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public void info(String message, Object... formatArgs) {
-        log(Level.INFO, message, formatArgs);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public void warning(String message, Object... formatArgs) {
-        log(Level.WARN, message, formatArgs);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public final void warningEx(String message, Throwable error) {
-        warningEx(message, new Object[0], error);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public void warningEx(String message, Object[] formatArgs, Throwable error) {
-        logEx(Level.WARN, message, formatArgs, error);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public void error(String message, Object... formatArgs) {
-        log(Level.ERROR, message, formatArgs);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public final void errorEx(String message, Throwable error) {
-        errorEx(message, new Object[0], error);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public void errorEx(String message, Object[] formatArgs, Throwable error) {
-        logEx(Level.ERROR, message, formatArgs, error);
-    }
 
     @Override
     public int numErrors() {
diff --git a/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/util/log/PmdLoggerScope.java b/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/util/log/PmdLoggerScope.java
index 34d414eee5..faead30e2b 100644
--- a/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/util/log/PmdLoggerScope.java
+++ b/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/util/log/PmdLoggerScope.java
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 
 package net.sourceforge.pmd.util.log;
 
+import org.slf4j.event.Level;
+
 import net.sourceforge.pmd.annotation.InternalApi;
 
 /**
diff --git a/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/util/log/SimplePmdLogger.java b/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/util/log/SimplePmdLogger.java
index 6f3e670b78..f2dde02d4d 100644
--- a/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/util/log/SimplePmdLogger.java
+++ b/pmd-core/src/main/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/util/log/SimplePmdLogger.java
@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@
 
 package net.sourceforge.pmd.util.log;
 
-import java.text.MessageFormat;
-import java.util.logging.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.event.Level;
 
 import net.sourceforge.pmd.annotation.InternalApi;
 
@@ -25,11 +25,11 @@ public class SimplePmdLogger extends PmdLoggerBase implements PmdLogger {
 
     @Override
     protected boolean isLoggableImpl(Level level) {
-        return backend.isLoggable(level.toJutilLevel());
+        return backend.isEnabledForLevel(level);
     }
 
     @Override
     protected void logImpl(Level level, String message, Object[] formatArgs) {
-        backend.log(level.toJutilLevel(), MessageFormat.format(message, formatArgs));
+        backend.atLevel(level).log(message, formatArgs);
     }
 }
diff --git a/pmd-core/src/test/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/cache/FileAnalysisCacheTest.java b/pmd-core/src/test/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/cache/FileAnalysisCacheTest.java
index 37fc4e4b19..a81cbb55b5 100644
--- a/pmd-core/src/test/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/cache/FileAnalysisCacheTest.java
+++ b/pmd-core/src/test/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/cache/FileAnalysisCacheTest.java
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ public class FileAnalysisCacheTest {
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testStoreOnUnwritableFileShouldntThrow() throws Exception {
+    public void testStoreOnUnwritableFileShouldntThrow() throws IOException {
         emptyCacheFile.setWritable(false);
         final FileAnalysisCache cache = new FileAnalysisCache(emptyCacheFile);
         cache.persist();
diff --git a/pmd-core/src/test/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/cli/PMDFilelistTest.java b/pmd-core/src/test/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/cli/PMDFilelistTest.java
index 34dc393732..395f15b791 100644
--- a/pmd-core/src/test/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/cli/PMDFilelistTest.java
+++ b/pmd-core/src/test/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/cli/PMDFilelistTest.java
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ import net.sourceforge.pmd.util.log.NoopPmdLogger;
 public class PMDFilelistTest {
 
     private static @NonNull FileCollector newCollector() {
-        return FileCollector.newCollector(new LanguageVersionDiscoverer(), NoopPmdLogger.INSTANCE);
+        return FileCollector.newCollector(new LanguageVersionDiscoverer(), new NoopPmdLogger());
     }
 
     @Test
diff --git a/pmd-core/src/test/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/lang/document/PmdTestLogger.java b/pmd-core/src/test/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/lang/document/PmdTestLogger.java
index 6eb7568d18..a8a99fdd67 100644
--- a/pmd-core/src/test/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/lang/document/PmdTestLogger.java
+++ b/pmd-core/src/test/java/net/sourceforge/pmd/lang/document/PmdTestLogger.java
@@ -4,7 +4,8 @@
 
 package net.sourceforge.pmd.lang.document;
 
-import java.util.logging.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 
 import net.sourceforge.pmd.util.log.SimplePmdLogger;
 
@@ -13,7 +14,7 @@ import net.sourceforge.pmd.util.log.SimplePmdLogger;
  */
 public class PmdTestLogger extends SimplePmdLogger {
 
-    private static final Logger LOG = Logger.getLogger("testlogger");
+    private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(PmdTestLogger.class.getName());
 
     public PmdTestLogger() {
         super(LOG);