`UnknownArrayHandle` has special behavior when putting in or getting out
an `ArrayHandleMultiplexer` or an `ArrayHandleCast`. When putting in
either of these, `UnknownArrayHandle` gets the actual array stored in
the multiplexer and cast so that you can later retrieve the base array.
Likewise, when you get the array out with `AsArrayHandle`, you can give
it an `ArrayHandleCast` or `ArrayHandleMultiplexer`, and you will get
the base array placed inside of it.
The implementation of `VariantArrayHandle` has been changed to be a
relatively trivial subclass of `UnknownArrayHandle`.
The advantage of this change is twofold. First, it removes
`VariantArrayHandle`'s dependence on `ArrayHandleVirtual`, which gets us
much closer to deprecating that class. Second, it ensures that
`UnknownArrayHandle` is a reasonable replacement for
`VariantArrayHandle`, so we can move forward with replacing that.
The testing helper class provided a method named `GetTestDataBasePath`
that returned the base path to all the data files stored in the VTK-m
repo. This is fine, but it was a little cumbersome to build filenames.
To make things easier, there is now a new method named `DataPath` that
takes a string of the filename (or, rather, subpath) to the file in that
directory and automatically builds the path to it.
The number of bits in a `BitField` cannot be directly implied from the
size of the buffer (because the buffer gets padded to the nearest sized
word). Thus, the `BitField stored the number of bits in its own
internals.
Unfortunately, that caused issues when passing the `BitField` data
between it and an `ArrayHandleBitField`. If the `ArrayHandleBitField`
resized itself, the `BitField` would not see the new size because it
ignored the new buffer size.
To get around this problem, `BitField` now declares its own
`BufferMetaData` that stores the number of bits. Now, since the number
of bits is stored in the `Buffer` object, it is sufficient to just share
the `Buffer` to synchronize all of the state.
Now that we have the functions in `vtkm/Atomic.h`, we can deprecate (and
eventually remove) the more cumbersome classes `AtomicInterfaceControl`
and `AtomicInterfaceExecution`.
Also reversed the order of the `expected` and `desired` parameters of
`vtkm::AtomicCompareAndSwap`. I think the former order makes more sense
and matches more other implementations (such as `std::atomic` and the
GCC `__atomic` built ins). However, there are still some non-deprecated
classes with similar methods that cannot easily be switched. Thus, it's
better to be inconsistent with most other libraries and consistent with
ourself than to be inconsitent with ourself.
Now that we have atomic free functions (e.g. `vtkm::AtomicAdd()`), we no
longer need special implementations for control and each execution
device. (Well, technically we do have special implementations for each,
but they are handled with compiler directives in the free functions.)
Convert the old atomic interface classes (`AtomicInterfaceControl` and
`AtomicInterfaceExecution`) to use the new atomic free functions. This
will allow us to test the new atomic functions everywhere that atomics
are used in VTK-m.
Once verified, we can deprecate the old atomic interface classes.
The recent version of ArrayHandleBasic allocates typeless arrays without
any initialization. This can cause issues with types that require a
constructor. The UnitTestVariantArrayHandle was trying to create an
ArrayHandle with an std::string, and the uninitialized strings were
causing crashes on some platforms.
We have made several improvements to adding data into an `ArrayHandle`.
## Moving data from an `std::vector`
For numerous reasons, it is convenient to define data in a `std::vector`
and then wrap that into an `ArrayHandle`. It is often the case that an
`std::vector` is filled and then becomes unused once it is converted to an
`ArrayHandle`. In this case, what we really want is to pass the data off to
the `ArrayHandle` so that the `ArrayHandle` is now managing the data and
not the `std::vector`.
C++11 has a mechanism to do this: move semantics. You can now pass
variables to functions as an "rvalue" (right-hand value). When something is
passed as an rvalue, it can pull state out of that variable and move it
somewhere else. `std::vector` implements this movement so that an rvalue
can be moved to another `std::vector` without actually copying the data.
`make_ArrayHandle` now also takes advantage of this feature to move rvalue
`std::vector`s.
There is a special form of `make_ArrayHandle` named `make_ArrayHandleMove`
that takes an rvalue. There is also a special overload of
`make_ArrayHandle` itself that handles an rvalue `vector`. (However, using
the explicit move version is better if you want to make sure the data is
actually moved.)
## Make `ArrayHandle` from initalizer list
A common use case for using `std::vector` (particularly in our unit tests)
is to quickly add an initalizer list into an `ArrayHandle`. Now you can
by simply passing an initializer list to `make_ArrayHandle`.
## Deprecated `make_ArrayHandle` with default shallow copy
For historical reasons, passing an `std::vector` or a pointer to
`make_ArrayHandle` does a shallow copy (i.e. `CopyFlag` defaults to `Off`).
Although more efficient, this mode is inherintly unsafe, and making it the
default is asking for trouble.
To combat this, calling `make_ArrayHandle` without a copy flag is
deprecated. In this way, if you wish to do the faster but more unsafe
creation of an `ArrayHandle` you should explicitly express that.
This requried quite a few changes through the VTK-m source (particularly in
the tests).
## Similar changes to `Field`
`vtkm::cont::Field` has a `make_Field` helper function that is similar to
`make_ArrayHandle`. It also features the ability to create fields from
`std::vector`s and C arrays. It also likewise had the same unsafe behavior
by default of not copying from the source of the arrays.
That behavior has similarly been depreciated. You now have to specify a
copy flag.
The ability to construct a `Field` from an initializer list of values has
also been added.
While compiling UnitTestVariantArrayHandle, some versions of gcc
(between 6 and 8, I think) gave a warning like the following:
```
../vtkm/cont/StorageVirtual.h:227:12: warning: 'vtkm::Id vtkm::cont::internal::detail::StorageVirtualImpl<T, S>::GetNumberOfValues() const [with T = std::__cxx11::basic_string<char>; S = vtkm::cont::StorageTagImplicit<{anonymous}::UnusualPortal<std::__cxx11::basic_string<char> > >]' declared 'static' but never defined [-Wunused-function]
```
This warning makes no sense because it is refering to a method that is
not declared static. (In fact, it overrides a virtual method.)
I believe this is an obscure bug in these versions of gcc. I found a
[stackoverflow post] that seems to have the same problem, but no
workaround was found.
The warning originated from code that had little effect. It was part of
a test with a custom ArrayHandle storage type that was already disabled
for other reasons. Just removed the code.
[stackoverflow post]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/56615695/how-to-fix-declared-static-but-never-defined-on-member-function
We are moving to deprecate `ArrayHandleVirtual`, so we are removing the
feature where `VariantArrayHandle::CastAndCall` automatically casts to
an `ArrayHandleVirtual` if possible.
The big reason to make this change now (as opposed to later when
`ArrayHandleVirtual` is deprecated) is to improve compile times.
This prevents us from having to compile an extra code path using
`ArrayHandleVirtual`.
`CoordinateSystem` differed from `Field` in that its `GetData`
method returned an `ArrayHandleVirtualCoordinates` instead of
a `VariantArrayHandle`. This is probably confusing since
`CoordianteSystem` inherits `Field` and has a pretty dramatic
difference in this behavior.
In preparation to deprecate `ArrayHandleVirtualCoordinates`, this
changes `CoordiantSystem` to be much more like `Field`. (In the
future, we may change the `CoordinateSystem` to point to a `Field`
rather than be a special `Field`.)
A method named `GetDataAsMultiplexer` has been added to
`CoordinateSystem`. This method allows you to get data from
`CoordinateSystem` as a single array type without worrying
about creating functors to handle different types and without
needing virtual methods.
18b5be92d Fix issue with CUDA and ArrayHandleMultiplexer
Acked-by: Kitware Robot <kwrobot@kitware.com>
Acked-by: Robert Maynard <robert.maynard@kitware.com>
Merge-request: !2168
`ArrayHandle::PrepareForOutput` often has to reallocate the array to the
specified size. Previously, this allocation was not happening with the
`Token` that is passed to `PrepareForOutput`. If the `ArrayHandle` is
already attached or enqueued for that `Token`, then the allocation would
deadlock.
You can now pass a `Token` object to `Allocate`, which is what
`PrepareForOutput` does.
When you try to call the `Reduce` operation in the CUDA device adapter
with a sufficently complex interator type, you get a compile error
that says `error: cannot pass an argument with a user-provided
copy-constructor to a device-side kernel launch`.
This appears to be a bug in either nvcc or Thrust. I believe it is
related to the following reported issues:
* https://github.com/thrust/thrust/issues/928
* https://github.com/thrust/thrust/issues/1044
Work around this problem by making a special condition for calling
`Reduce` with an `ArrayHandleMultiplexer` that calls the generic
algorithm in `DeviceAdapterAlgorithmGeneral` instead of the algorithm in
Thrust.
Often when a user gives memory to an `ArrayHandle`, she wants data to be
written into the memory given to be used elsewhere. Previously, the
`Buffer` objects would delete the given buffer as soon as a write buffer
was created elsewhere. That was a problem if a user wants VTK-m to write
results right into a given buffer.
Instead, when a user provides memory, "pin" that memory so that the
`ArrayHandle` never deletes it.
The buffer class encapsulates the movement of raw C arrays between
host and devices.
The `Buffer` class itself is not associated with any device. Instead,
`Buffer` is used in conjunction with a new templated class named
`DeviceAdapterMemoryManager` that can allocate data on a given
device and transfer data as necessary. `DeviceAdapterMemoryManager`
will eventually replace the more complicated device adapter classes
that manage data on a device.
The code in `DeviceAdapterMemoryManager` is actually enclosed in
virtual methods. This allows us to limit the number of classes that
need to be compiled for a device. Rather, the implementation of
`DeviceAdapterMemoryManager` is compiled once with whatever compiler
is necessary, and then the `RuntimeDeviceInformation` is used to
get the correct object instance.
143e3d39a remove unused type alias
01a448663 Merge branch 'master' into uniform_real
c67e5bb12 fixe warnings about implicit type conversion
1e4294392 Add deterministic seed to avoid potential spurious failure
5b0e309b9 the random source is still 64 bits
cc3061bab Avoid calling ReadPortal() all the time
9bf6dea22 remove inline initialization of seed
e69308047 Add statistics base testing, add Flot32 RNG
Acked-by: Kitware Robot <kwrobot@kitware.com>
Acked-by: Robert Maynard <robert.maynard@kitware.com>
Merge-request: !2148
If a test throws any unexpected exception, the test is supposed to
detect that and fail. For the STL exceptions, the test failed to return
an error code. Fix that.
de3bda373 Use deque instead of list for ArrayHandle queue
498d44548 Pass Token::Reference by value
c32c9e8e8 Fix deadlock when changing device during read
99e14ab8a Add proper enqueuing of Tokens for ArrayHandle
Acked-by: Kitware Robot <kwrobot@kitware.com>
Merge-request: !2130
c0dee7402 make it explicit that we are using 64-bit unsigned integer in bit op
34f350588 Added changelog
e9f584a91 ArrayHandleRandomUniformReal
Acked-by: Kitware Robot <kwrobot@kitware.com>
Acked-by: Kenneth Moreland <kmorel@sandia.gov>
Merge-request: !2116
An issue that was identified for the thread safety of `ArrayHandle` is
that if several threads are waiting to use an `ArrayHandle`, there might
be an expectation of the order in which the operations happen. For
example, if one thread is modifying the contents of an `ArrayHandle` and
another is reading those results, we would need the first one to start
before the second one.
To solve this, a queue is added to `ArrayHandle` such that when waiting
to read or write an `ArrayHandle` the `Token` has to be at the top of
the queue in addition to other requirements being met.
Additionally, an `Enqueue` method is added to add a `Token` to the queue
without blocking. This allows a control thread to queue the access and
then spawn a thread where the actual work will be done. As long as
everything is enqueued on the main thread, the operations will happen in
the expected order.