add_reference should respect column position for both reference id and type columns

Fixes #30496.

activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_definitions.rb

@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ def as_options(value)
         end
 
         def polymorphic_options
-          as_options(polymorphic).merge(null: options[:null])
+          as_options(polymorphic).merge(options.slice(:null, :first, :after))
         end
 
         def index_options

activerecord/test/cases/migration/column_positioning_test.rb

@@ -52,6 +52,16 @@ def test_change_column_with_positioning
           conn.change_column :testings, :second, :integer, after: :third
           assert_equal %w(first third second), conn.columns(:testings).map(&:name)
         end
+
+        def test_add_reference_with_positioning_first
+          conn.add_reference :testings, :new, polymorphic: true, first: true
+          assert_equal %w(new_id new_type first second third), conn.columns(:testings).map(&:name)
+        end
+
+        def test_add_reference_with_positioning_after
+          conn.add_reference :testings, :new, polymorphic: true, after: :first
+          assert_equal %w(first new_id new_type second third), conn.columns(:testings).map(&:name)
+        end
       end
     end
   end