drop array allocations when building paths

```ruby
require 'action_pack'
require 'action_dispatch'
require 'benchmark/ips'

route_set = ActionDispatch::Routing::RouteSet.new
routes = ActionDispatch::Routing::Mapper.new route_set

ObjectSpace::AllocationTracer.setup(%i{path line type})
result = ObjectSpace::AllocationTracer.trace do
  500.times do
    routes.resources :foo
  end
end

sorted = ObjectSpace::AllocationTracer.allocated_count_table.sort_by(&:last)
sorted.each do |k,v|
  next if v == 0
  p k => v
end

__END__

Before:

{:T_SYMBOL=>11}
{:T_REGEXP=>17}
{:T_STRUCT=>6500}
{:T_MATCH=>12004}
{:T_OBJECT=>99009}
{:T_DATA=>100088}
{:T_HASH=>122015}
{:T_STRING=>159637}
{:T_IMEMO=>363134}
{:T_ARRAY=>433056}

After:

{:T_SYMBOL=>11}
{:T_REGEXP=>17}
{:T_STRUCT=>6500}
{:T_MATCH=>12004}
{:T_OBJECT=>91009}
{:T_DATA=>100088}
{:T_HASH=>114013}
{:T_STRING=>159637}
{:T_ARRAY=>321056}
{:T_IMEMO=>351133}
```

actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/nodes/node.rb

@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ def symbol?; false; end
         def literal?; false; end
         def terminal?; false; end
         def star?; false; end
+        def cat?; false; end
       end
 
       class Terminal < Node # :nodoc:
@@ -117,6 +118,7 @@ def children; [left, right] end
       end
 
       class Cat < Binary # :nodoc:
+        def cat?; true; end
         def type; :CAT; end
       end
 

actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb

@@ -187,18 +187,16 @@ def request_method
         def build_path(ast, requirements, anchor)
           pattern = Journey::Path::Pattern.new(ast, requirements, JOINED_SEPARATORS, anchor)
 
-          builder = Journey::GTG::Builder.new ast
-
           # Get all the symbol nodes followed by literals that are not the
           # dummy node.
-          symbols = ast.grep(Journey::Nodes::Symbol).find_all { |n|
-            builder.followpos(n).first.literal?
-          }
+          symbols = ast.find_all { |n|
+            n.cat? && n.left.symbol? && n.right.cat? && n.right.left.literal?
+          }.map(&:left)
 
           # Get all the symbol nodes preceded by literals.
-          symbols.concat ast.find_all(&:literal?).map { |n|
-            builder.followpos(n).first
-          }.find_all(&:symbol?)
+          symbols.concat ast.find_all { |n|
+            n.cat? && n.left.literal? && n.right.cat? && n.right.left.symbol?
+          }.map { |n| n.right.left }
 
           symbols.each { |x|
             x.regexp = /(?:#{Regexp.union(x.regexp, '-')})+/