Don't perform statement caching for find when called from a scope

If there is a method defined such as `find_and_do_stuff(id)`, which then
gets called on an association, we will perform statement caching and the
parent ID will not change on subsequent calls.

Fixes #18117

activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb

@@ -131,6 +131,7 @@ def find(*ids)
         return super if block_given? ||
                         primary_key.nil? ||
                         default_scopes.any? ||
+                        current_scope ||
                         columns_hash.include?(inheritance_column) ||
                         ids.first.kind_of?(Array)
 

activerecord/test/cases/finder_test.rb

@@ -15,9 +15,11 @@
 require 'models/toy'
 require 'models/matey'
 require 'models/dog'
+require 'models/car'
+require 'models/tyre'
 
 class FinderTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase
-  fixtures :companies, :topics, :entrants, :developers, :developers_projects, :posts, :comments, :accounts, :authors, :customers, :categories, :categorizations
+  fixtures :companies, :topics, :entrants, :developers, :developers_projects, :posts, :comments, :accounts, :authors, :customers, :categories, :categorizations, :cars
 
   def test_find_by_id_with_hash
     assert_raises(ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid) do
@@ -1101,6 +1103,26 @@ def test_finder_with_offset_string
     end
   end
 
+  test "find on a scope does not perform statement caching" do
+    honda = cars(:honda)
+    zyke = cars(:zyke)
+    tyre = honda.tyres.create!
+    tyre2 = zyke.tyres.create!
+
+    assert_equal tyre, honda.tyres.custom_find(tyre.id)
+    assert_equal tyre2, zyke.tyres.custom_find(tyre2.id)
+  end
+
+  test "find_by on a scope does not perform statement caching" do
+    honda = cars(:honda)
+    zyke = cars(:zyke)
+    tyre = honda.tyres.create!
+    tyre2 = zyke.tyres.create!
+
+    assert_equal tyre, honda.tyres.custom_find_by(id: tyre.id)
+    assert_equal tyre2, zyke.tyres.custom_find_by(id: tyre2.id)
+  end
+
   protected
     def bind(statement, *vars)
       if vars.first.is_a?(Hash)

activerecord/test/models/tyre.rb

@@ -1,3 +1,11 @@
 class Tyre < ActiveRecord::Base
   belongs_to :car
+
+  def self.custom_find(id)
+    find(id)
+  end
+
+  def self.custom_find_by(*args)
+    find_by(*args)
+  end
 end