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<h1 class="post-title-main">Maven PMD Plugin</h1>
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<a target="_blank" href="https://github.com/pmd/pmd/blob/master/docs/pages/pmd/userdocs/tools/maven.md" class="btn btn-default githubEditButton" role="button"><i class="fa fa-github fa-lg"></i> Edit me</a>
<h2 id="maven-2-and-3">Maven 2 and 3</h2>
<h3 id="running-the-pmd-plugin">Running the pmd plugin</h3>
<h4 id="choosing-the-plugin-version">Choosing the plugin version</h4>
<p>When adding the maven-pmd-plugin to your pom.xml, you need to select a version. To figure out the
latest available version, have a look at the official <a href="https://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-pmd-plugin/">maven-pmd-plugin documentation</a>.</p>
<p>As of March 2020, the current plugin version is <strong>3.13.0</strong>.</p>
<p>The version of the plugin should be specified in <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">&lt;build&gt;&lt;pluginManagement/&gt;&lt;/build&gt;</code> and if using the project
report additionally in <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">&lt;reporting&gt;&lt;plugins/&gt;&lt;/reporting&gt;</code> elements. Heres an example for the pluginManagement
section:</p>
<div class="language-xml highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code> <span class="nt">&lt;build&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;pluginManagement&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;plugins&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;plugin&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>org.apache.maven.plugins<span class="nt">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>maven-pmd-plugin<span class="nt">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;version&gt;</span>3.13.0<span class="nt">&lt;/version&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/plugin&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/plugins&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/pluginManagement&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/build&gt;</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>When defining the version in the pluginManagment section, then it doesnt need to be specified in the normal plugins
section. However, it should additionally be specified in the reporting section.</p>
<p>More information, see <a href="https://maven.apache.org/guides/mini/guide-configuring-plugins.html">Guide to Configuring Plugin-ins</a>.</p>
<h4 id="generating-a-project-report">Generating a project report</h4>
<p>To include the PMD report in the project reports section add the following lines under
the reports element in your pom.xml:</p>
<div class="language-xml highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nt">&lt;project&gt;</span>
...
<span class="nt">&lt;reporting&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;plugins&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;plugin&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>org.apache.maven.plugins<span class="nt">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>maven-pmd-plugin<span class="nt">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;version&gt;</span>3.13.0<span class="nt">&lt;/version&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/plugin&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/plugins&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/reporting&gt;</span>
...
<span class="nt">&lt;/project&gt;</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>This will add an entry to the project reports section with the PMD report when you build the maven site.</p>
<h4 id="executing-pmd-manually">Executing PMD manually</h4>
<p>To run PMD on a Maven project without adding it as a report, simply run</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>mvn pmd:pmd
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>The PMD plugin writes the report in XML which will then be formatted into more readable HTML.</p>
<h4 id="integrated-into-the-build-process">Integrated into the build process</h4>
<p>You can also run PMD automatically when building your project. You even let the build fail, if
PMD finds some violations. Therefore the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">check</code> goal is used:</p>
<div class="language-xml highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nt">&lt;project&gt;</span>
...
<span class="nt">&lt;build&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;plugins&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;plugin&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>org.apache.maven.plugins<span class="nt">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>maven-pmd-plugin<span class="nt">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;version&gt;</span>3.13.0<span class="nt">&lt;/version&gt;</span> <span class="c">&lt;!-- or use version from pluginManagement --&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;configuration&gt;</span>
<span class="c">&lt;!-- failOnViolation is actually true by default, but can be disabled --&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;failOnViolation&gt;</span>true<span class="nt">&lt;/failOnViolation&gt;</span>
<span class="c">&lt;!-- printFailingErrors is pretty useful --&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;printFailingErrors&gt;</span>true<span class="nt">&lt;/printFailingErrors&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/configuration&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;executions&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;execution&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;goals&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;goal&gt;</span>check<span class="nt">&lt;/goal&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/goals&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/execution&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/executions&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/plugin&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/plugins&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/build&gt;</span>
...
<span class="nt">&lt;/project&gt;</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>This will run PMD automatically during the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">verify</code> phase of the build. You can additionally run CPD, if
you add <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">cpd-check</code> as a goal.</p>
<h3 id="customization">Customization</h3>
<h4 id="changing-rulesets">Changing rulesets</h4>
<p>To specify a ruleset, simply edit the previous configuration:</p>
<div class="language-xml highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code> <span class="nt">&lt;reporting&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;plugins&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;plugin&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>org.apache.maven.plugins<span class="nt">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>maven-pmd-plugin<span class="nt">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;version&gt;</span>3.13.0<span class="nt">&lt;/version&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;configuration&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;rulesets&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;ruleset&gt;</span>/rulesets/java/quickstart.xml<span class="nt">&lt;/ruleset&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;ruleset&gt;</span>d:\rulesets\my-ruleset.xml<span class="nt">&lt;/ruleset&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;ruleset&gt;</span>http://localhost/design.xml<span class="nt">&lt;/ruleset&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/rulesets&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/configuration&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/plugin&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/plugins&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/reporting&gt;</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>The value of the ruleset element can either be a relative address, an absolute address or even an url.</p>
<p>A clean strategy for customizing which rules to use for a project is to write a ruleset file.
In this file you can define which rules to use, add custom rules, and
customizing which rules to include/exclude from official rulesets. More information on
writing a ruleset can be found <a href="pmd_userdocs_making_rulesets.html">here</a>.
Note that if you include other rulesets in your own rulesets, you have to be sure that the plugin
will be able to resolve those other ruleset references.</p>
<h4 id="enabling-incremental-analysis">Enabling Incremental Analysis</h4>
<p>When using the Maven PMD plugin 3.8 or later along with PMD 5.6.0 or later, you can enable incremental analysis to
speed up PMDs execution while retaining the quality of the analysis. You can additionally customize where the cache is stored::</p>
<div class="language-xml highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code> <span class="nt">&lt;plugin&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>org.apache.maven.plugins<span class="nt">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>maven-pmd-plugin<span class="nt">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;version&gt;</span>3.13.0<span class="nt">&lt;/version&gt;</span> <span class="c">&lt;!-- or use version from pluginManagement --&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;configuration&gt;</span>
<span class="c">&lt;!-- enable incremental analysis --&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;analysisCache&gt;</span>true<span class="nt">&lt;/analysisCache&gt;</span>
<span class="c">&lt;!-- analysisCacheLocation: optional - points to the following location by default --&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;analysisCacheLocation&gt;</span>${project.build.directory}/pmd/pmd.cache<span class="nt">&lt;/analysisCacheLocation&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/configuration&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/plugin&gt;</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<h4 id="other-configurations">Other configurations</h4>
<p>The Maven PMD plugin allows you to configure CPD, targetJDK, and the use of XRef to link
the report to html source files, and the file encoding:</p>
<div class="language-xml highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code> <span class="nt">&lt;plugin&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>org.apache.maven.plugins<span class="nt">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>maven-pmd-plugin<span class="nt">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;version&gt;</span>3.13.0<span class="nt">&lt;/version&gt;</span> <span class="c">&lt;!-- or use version from pluginManagement --&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;configuration&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;linkXRef&gt;</span>true<span class="nt">&lt;/linkXRef&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;sourceEncoding&gt;</span>ISO-8859-1<span class="nt">&lt;/sourceEncoding&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;minimumTokens&gt;</span>30<span class="nt">&lt;/minimumTokens&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;targetJdk&gt;</span>1.4<span class="nt">&lt;/targetJdk&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/configuration&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/plugin&gt;</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<h4 id="upgrading-the-pmd-version-at-runtime">Upgrading the PMD version at runtime</h4>
<p>The Maven PMD plugin comes with a specific PMD version, which is documented on the
<a href="https://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-pmd-plugin/index.html">plugin project page</a>.</p>
<p>Given that the newer PMD version is compatible, you can override the PMD version, that the
Maven plugin will use and benefit from the latest bugfixes and enhancements:</p>
<div class="language-xml highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nt">&lt;project&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;properties&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;pmdVersion&gt;</span>...choose your version...<span class="nt">&lt;/pmdVersion&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/properties&gt;</span>
...
<span class="nt">&lt;build&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;pluginManagement&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;plugins&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;plugin&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>org.apache.maven.plugins<span class="nt">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>maven-pmd-plugin<span class="nt">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;version&gt;</span>3.13.0<span class="nt">&lt;/version&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;dependencies&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;dependency&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>net.sourceforge.pmd<span class="nt">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>pmd-core<span class="nt">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;version&gt;</span>${pmdVersion}<span class="nt">&lt;/version&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/dependency&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;dependency&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>net.sourceforge.pmd<span class="nt">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>pmd-java<span class="nt">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;version&gt;</span>${pmdVersion}<span class="nt">&lt;/version&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/dependency&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;dependency&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>net.sourceforge.pmd<span class="nt">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>pmd-javascript<span class="nt">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;version&gt;</span>${pmdVersion}<span class="nt">&lt;/version&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/dependency&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;dependency&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>net.sourceforge.pmd<span class="nt">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>pmd-jsp<span class="nt">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;version&gt;</span>${pmdVersion}<span class="nt">&lt;/version&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/dependency&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/dependencies&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/plugin&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/plugins&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/pluginManagement&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/build&gt;</span>
...
<span class="nt">&lt;/project&gt;</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="reference">Reference</h3>
<p>For more information, please see the well documented PMD plugin project page here:
<a href="http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-pmd-plugin/index.html">http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-pmd-plugin/index.html</a>.
Also, the bug tracker for this plugin is <a href="https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/MPMD">here</a>.</p>
<h2 id="maven-1">Maven 1</h2>
<div class="alert alert-danger" role="alert"><i class="fa fa-exclamation-circle"></i> <b>Warning:</b> Apache Maven 1.x has reached its end of life, and is no longer supported. For more information, see the <a href="http://maven.apache.org/maven-1.x-eol.html">announcement</a>. Users are encouraged to migrate to the current version of Apache Maven.</div>
<p>This section is about the maven 1 PMD plugin.</p>
<h3 id="running-the-pmd-plugin-1">Running the pmd plugin</h3>
<h4 id="generating-a-project-report-1">Generating a project report</h4>
<p>To include the PMD report in the project reports section add the following line under
the reports element in your project.xml:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>&lt;report&gt;maven-pmd-plugin&lt;/report&gt;
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>This will add an entry to the project reports section with the PMD report.</p>
<h4 id="executing-pmd-manually-1">Executing PMD manually</h4>
<p>To run PMD on a Maven project without adding it as a report, simply run</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>maven pmd xdoc
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>The PMD plugin writes the report in XML which will then be formatted into more readable HTML.</p>
<h3 id="customization-1">Customization</h3>
<h4 id="changing-rulesets-1">Changing rulesets</h4>
<p>To specify a set of official, built-in rulesets to be used set them in the property
<em>maven.pmd.rulesets</em>. You can include this setting in your project.properties file.</p>
<p>A clean strategy for customizing which rules to use for a project is to write a ruleset file.
In this file you can define which rules to use, add custom rules, and
customizing which rules to include/exclude from official rulesets. More information on
writing a ruleset can be found <a href="pmd_userdocs_making_rulesets.html">here</a>.</p>
<p>Add to the root of your Maven project a pmd.xml file which contains the ruleset mentioned in
the previous paragraph. Add the following property to your project now:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>maven.pmd.rulesetfiles = ${basedir}/pmd.xml
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="reference-1">Reference</h3>
<p>See the PMD plugin project page here:
<a href="http://maven.apache.org/maven-1.x/plugins/pmd/">http://maven.apache.org/maven-1.x/plugins/pmd/</a></p>
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