| `keymaps` data | 3D array of `uint8_t` holding **keycode** | 3D array of `uint16_t` holding **action code** |
| `fn_actions` data | 1D array of `uint16_t` holding **action code** | 3D array of `uint16_t` holding **action code** |
Since QMK is based on TMK and uses major portion of TMK code as is, understanding the essential changes made should help you understand the code.
## 0. Keymap and layers
**Keymap** is comprised of multiple layers of key layout, you can define **32 layers** at most.
**Layer** is an array of **keycodes** to define **actions** for each physical keys.
respective layers can be validated simultaneously. Layers are indexed with 0 to 31 and higher layer has precedence.
In QMK, **`const uint16_t PROGMEM keymaps[][MATRIX_ROWS][MATRIX_COLS]`** holds multiple **layers** of keymap information in **16 bit** data holding the **action code**. You can define **32 layers** at most.
Keymap: 32 Layers Layer: Keycode matrix
For trivial key definitions, the higher 8 bits of the **action code** are all 0 and the lower 8 bits holds the USB HID usage code generated by the key as **keycode**.
Respective layers can be validated simultaneously. Layers are indexed with 0 to 31 and higher layer has precedence.
Keymap: 32 Layers Layer: action code matrix
----------------- ---------------------
stack of layers array_of_keycode[row][column]
stack of layers array_of_action_code[row][column]
____________ precedence _______________________
/ / | high / ESC / F1 / F2 / F3 ....
31 /___________// | /-----/-----/-----/-----
@ -22,11 +37,15 @@ respective layers can be validated simultaneously. Layers are indexed with 0 to
0 /___________/ V low 0 `--------------------------
Sometimes, the action code stored in keymap may be referred as keycode in some documents due to the TMK history.
### 0.1 Keymap status
Keymap has its state in two parameters:
**`default_layer`** indicates a base keymap layer(0-31) which is always valid and to be referred, **`keymap_stat`** is 16bit variable which has current on/off status of layers on its each bit.
### 0.1 Keymap layer status
Keymap layer has its state in two 32 bit parameters:
* **`default_layer_state`** indicates a base keymap layer(0-31) which is always valid and to be referred.
* **`layer_state`** () has current on/off status of the layer on its each bit.
Keymap has its state in two parameter**`default_layer`** indicates a base keymap layer(0-31) which is always valid and to be referred, **`keymap_stat`** is 16bit variable which has current on/off status of layers on its each bit.
Keymap layer '0' is usually `default_layer` and which is the only valid layer and other layers is initially off after boot up firmware, though, you can configured them in `config.h`.
To change `default_layer` will be useful when you switch key layout completely, say you want Colmak instead of Qwerty.
@ -67,97 +86,132 @@ On the other hand, you shall change `layer_state` to overlay base layer with som
> Please note that keymap in the TMK, which QMK was forked from, is **`static const uint8_t PROGMEM keymaps[]`** C array which holds the 8 bit keycode (~USB HID usage code).
See [`common/keycode.h`](../common/keycode.h) orkeycodetablebelowforthedetail.Keycodeisinternal**8bit code**toindicateactionperformedonkeyinkeymap.Keycode has`KC_`prefixedsymbolrespectively.Mostofkeycodeslike`KC_A`havesimpleactionregisterskeytohostonpressandunregisteronrelease,whilesomeofotherkeycodeshassomespecialactionslike`Fn`keys,Mediacontrolkeys,SystemcontrolkeysandMousekeys.
See [`tmk_core/common/keycode.h`](../tmk_core/common/keycode.h) orkeycodetablebelowforthedetail.Keycodeisinternal**8bit code**toindicateactionperformedonkeyinkeymap.Keycodesarebasedon [HID Usage Keyboard/Keypad Page(0x07)](http://www.usb.org/developers/hidpage/Hut1_12v2.pdf) plusspecialcodesinthe`0xA5-DF`range.
@ -584,15 +641,11 @@ Similar to layer tap toggle, this works as a momentary modifier when holding, bu
## 5. Legacy Keymap
This was used in prior version and still works due to legacy support code in `common/keymap.c`. Legacy keymap doesn't support many of features that new keymap offers. ***It is not recommended to use Legacy Keymap for new project.***
To enable Legacy Keymap support define this macro in `config.h`.
#define USE_LEGACY_KEYMAP
In QMK, `tmk_core/common/keymap.c` is missing and its replacement `quantum/keymap_common.c` lacks Legacy Keymap support.
Legacy Keymap uses two arrays `fn_layer[]` and `fn_keycode[]` to define Fn key. The index of arrays corresponds with postfix number of `Fn` key. Array `fn_layer[]` indicates destination layer to switch and `fn_keycode[]` has keycodes to send when tapping `Fn` key.
In following setting example, `Fn0`, `Fn1` and `Fn2` switch layer to 1, 2 and 2 respectively. `Fn2` registers `Space` key when tapping while `Fn0` and `Fn1`doesn'tsendanykey.
In the following legacy keymap setting example, `Fn0`, `Fn1` and `Fn2` switch layer to 1, 2 and 2 respectively. `Fn2` registers `Space` key when tapping while `Fn0` and `Fn1` doesn't send any key.
static const uint8_t PROGMEM fn_layer[] = {
1, // Fn0
@ -606,6 +659,7 @@ In following setting example, `Fn0`, `Fn1` and `Fn2` switch layer to 1, 2 and 2
KC_SPC, // Fn2
};
Under QMK, these can be realized using action code ACTION_LAYER_TAP_KEY(1, KC_NO), ACTION_LAYER_TAP_KEY(2, KC_NO), and ACTION_LAYER_TAP_KEY(2, KC_SPC) in the `keymaps`directly.
If you have an ErgoDox EZ, the absolute easiest way for you to customize your firmware is using the [graphical configurator](http://configure.ergodox-ez.com), which uses QMK under the hood.
If you have an ErgoDox EZ, the absolute easiest way for you to customize your firmware is using the [graphical configurator](http://configure.ergodox-ez.com), which uses QMK under the hood.
If you can find firmware someone else has made that does what you want, that
is the easiest way to customize your ErgoDox. It requires no programming
@ -69,12 +69,16 @@ files. Check them out with:
The Ez uses the [Teensy Loader](https://www.pjrc.com/teensy/loader.html).
Linux users need to modify udev rules as described on the Teensy Linux page.
Some distributions provide a binary, maybe called`teensy-loader-cli`).
Linux users need to modify udev rules as described on the [Teensy
Linux page]. Some distributions provide a binary, maybe called
`teensy-loader-cli`.
[Teensy Linux page]: https://www.pjrc.com/teensy/loader_linux.html
To flash the firmware:
- Build the firmware with `make keymapname`, for example `make default`
- Build the firmware with `make keymapname`, for example `make default`
- This will result in a hex file called `ergodox_ez_keymapname.hex`, e.g.
`ergodox_ez_default.hex`
@ -87,6 +91,15 @@ To flash the firmware:
- Click the button in the Teensy app to download the firmware.
To flash with ´teensy-loader-cli´:
- Build the firmware with `make keymapname`, for example `make default`
- Run ´<path/to/>teensy_loader_cli --mcu=atmega32u4 -w ergodox_ez_<keymap>.hex´
- Press the Reset button by inserting a paperclip gently into the reset hole
in the top right corder.
## ErgoDox Infinity
The Infinity is two completely independent keyboards, and needs to be flashed
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